Gordon Moore, one of the founders of Intel, observed in an article in the April 19, 1965 issue of Electronics magazine that innovations in technology would allow a doubling of the number of transistors in a given space every year (in an update article in 1975, Moore adjusted the rate to every two years to account for the growing complexity of chips), that the speed of those transistors would increase... [and] that computing technology would increase in value at the same time it would actually decrease in cost.

For more information see 50 year's of Moore's Law and the 40th Anniversary PRESS KIT.
See also the 22 nm Technology then 14 nm Technology videos.

A good place to begin is copying the Microprocessors data table from the Transistor Count Wikipedia article into a spreadsheet. How should you present the data in graphical form?

Google Sheets: Select cells. Click Insert. Select Chart.
or Graphing Data Using Excel (pdf)