Build a Better CD Player: 
     How Can You Get Blue Light from a Solid? 
     Module written by George C. Lisensky, Arthur B. Ellis,
     Herbert Beall, Dean J. Campbell, and Joanne Stewart.
     Quicktime Movies by G. C. Lisensky and J. M. Blackwell

    Help with Quicktime Movies

    Session 1: How can you make a solid give off light?

      Exploration 1A: How can you make a solid give off light?
      Light and heat as energy

        Heated Solids
        Non-heat Excitation
        View through Diffraction Grating

      Exploration 1B: What is the nature of light?
      Electromagnetic Radiation

        Waves
        More Waves
        Infrared Radiation

      Exploration 1C: Can you control what colors you get when heating a solid?

        Blackbody Radiation

      Exploration 1D: How can you draw a graph when you have a huge range of values?
      Logarithmic Scales

    Session 2: Which solid elements can be heated electrically to give off light?

      Exploration 2A, Which solid elements can be heated electrically to give off light?
      Metallic Bonding

        Properties of Metals
        Electrical Conductivity of the Elements

      Exploration 2B, How does the electrical conductivity of a material depend on its shape and temperature?
      Electrical Resistance

      Exploration 2C, How would you design an incandescent (blackbody emitting) bulb?
      Melting Points

        The Incandescent Bulb
        Why does a light bulb burn out? (http://invsee.eas.asu.edu/nmodules/lightbulbmod/burnout.html)
        An incandescent light bulb has been burning for 100 years:
        Century Light Bulb (audio), All Things Considered, National Public Radio, June 10, 2001
        Live web cam (http://www.centennialbulb.org/cam.htm)

      Exploration 2D, How can we represent solids?
      Unit Cells

        How can we represent solids?

    Session 3: What pairs of elements will combine to make solids?

      Exploration 3A, What controls the properties of elements?
      Periodic Properties

      Exploration 3B, What pairs of elements will combine to make solids?
      Isoelectronic Principles

      Exploration 3C, How do we know how atoms are arranged on solid surfaces?
      Seeing Atoms

        Scanning Tunneling Microscope or Atomic Force Microscope
        Piezoelectricity

    Session 4: How can you get light from a solid without heating?

      Exploration 4A, How can you get light from atoms?
      Electronic Transitions in Atoms

        Color from Electronic Transitions
        Absorption and Emission Spectra of the Elements

      Exploration 4B, How can you get light from a solid without heating?
      Electronic Transitions in Solids

        LEDs: the Future of Light (http://loe.org/series/LED.php)

      Exploration 4C, Are All Red Lights the Same?
      LED vs Blackbody Emission

        External Links Reading
        Transportation Lights
        Absorption and Emission Tools

    Session 5: How does a CD player work?

      Exploration 5A, How does a CD player work?
      Constructive and Destructive Interference

        Module Figure 5.12 in color
        How CDs work (http://stuffo.howstuffworks.com/cd.htm)

      Exploration 5B, How do we know how atoms are arranged in solids?
      X-ray Diffraction

        Diffraction

    Session 6: How can you get blue light from a solid?

      Exploration 6A, How can you get blue light from a solid?
      Adjusting Band Gaps

        Light Emitting Diodes

    Optional Later Session: Are there equilibria in solids?

        Equilibria


    Copyright © 2004 by the trustees of Beloit College and the Regents of the University of California. This Module has been developed under the direction of the ChemLinks Coalition, headed by Beloit College, and the ModularChem Consortium, headed by the University of California at Berkeley. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation grants No. DUE-9455918 and DUE-9455924. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation, Beloit College, or the Regents of the University of California.

    Additional material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation grant No. DMR-9632527. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation or the Regents of the University of Wisconsin.

    ZnSunit, orange, NaCl, and afm movies copyright © 1999 by JCE Software and used by permission of JCE Software, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706-1396.

    Published through exclusive license with W. W. Norton.
    Build a Better CD Player: How Can You Get Blue Light from a Solid? ISBN 0-393-92430-0


    This page maintained by George Lisensky, Beloit College. Last modified September 29, 2007.
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